WOIPFG’s Investigative Report on the Alleged Organ Harvesting of Living Falun Gong Practitioners at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital and Its Staff Members Suspected of Participation
Hospital: Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital
Address: No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
Preface
Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital was the first hospital to carry out combined liver and kidney transplantation in Jiangsu Province in year 2001. It has a strong team of liver and kidney transplant surgeons and a large quantity of hospital beds. According to the telephone investigations conducted by World Organization to Investigate the Persecution of Falun Gong (WOIPFG), the organ wait times for organ transplantation at this hospital are short, and the hospital’s self-reported sources of donated organs are inconsistent. Given the general context of the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) state crime of live organ harvesting, the hospital is clearly suspected of participating in the crime of live organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners and other groups.
Hospital Overview
Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital was founded in 1892. It is a large comprehensive Class A tertiary hospital and one of the earliest Western medicine hospitals in China. The hospital has 3,325 approved ward beds and 4,869 employees.[1]
Ⅰ. The hospital was the first to carry out combined liver and kidney transplantation in Jiangsu Province, and the director of its organ transplant center was also the former president of the hospital
Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital was the first in Jiangsu Province to carry out a combined liver and kidney transplant in 2001. [2] On May 23, 2007, the hospital was designated by the Ministry of Health as qualified to perform kidney and liver transplants.[3]
Ding Yitao had studied at the Institute of Liver Surgery of the People’s Liberation Army and the Australian National Liver Transplantation Unit. From May 1996 to August 2014, he was the director of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, which is affiliated with Nanjing University School of Medicine. Currently, he is the director of the Organ Transplantation Center of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Standing Committee member of the Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation and honorary director of the Jiangsu Provincial Society of Organ Transplantation.[4]
Ⅱ.The hospital’s organ transplant surgery teams, bed availability and surgery volume
1.A large number of hospital beds
The Departments of Urinary Surgery, General Surgery and Hepatobiliary Surgery all offer organ transplantation services. The Department of Urinary Surgery is one of the key medical disciplines of Jiangsu Province’s “135 Project”. It is also a key clinical specialty of Jiangsu Province and a key medical discipline of the City of Nanjing. It has 120 ward beds and is an organ transplant unit designated by the Ministry of Health.[5] The General Surgery Department has an organ transplantation center with 164 beds.[6]
The Hepatological Surgery Department is consisted of Organ Transplant, Hepatic Surgery and Biliopancreatic Surgery Departments, as well as the Hepatobiliary Research Institute of Nanjing University. There are currently 180 ward beds.[7]
2. The liver and kidney transplant surgery teams are very strong
The Department of Urinary Surgery currently has more than 100 medical and nursing staff, including four chief surgeons and professors, two doctoral student supervisors, eight postgraduate student supervisors, eight associate chief surgeons and associate professors. It is an organ transplant unit approved (accredited) by the Ministry of Health.[8]
The general surgery department also has an organ transplantation center. They have 76 medical and nursing staff, including nine chief surgeons, 20 associate chief surgeons and 10 attending surgeons.[9] They are able to form multiple liver and kidney transplant surgical teams.
3.The hospital’s organ transplant volume
The hospital's official website and published hospital papers claimed:
Kidney transplantation: The Department of Urinary Surgery has performed kidney transplantation and combined liver-kidney transplantation. The hospital claims to have completed more than 50 kidney transplants every year[10].
Liver transplantation: As of March 2008, 314 liver transplants had been performed at the hospital.[11]
Combined organ transplantation: From October 2000 to December 2002, four cases of combined liver and kidney transplantation were performed.[12]
Corneal transplantation: From January 2001 to December 2005, the hospital performed 12 cases (13 eyes) of penetrating keratoplasty with donors aged around 20 years old.[13]
Ⅲ. Telephone Investigation: suspicious origins of organs and short organ wait times
1.The hospital is unable to explain the organ sources and it admits to having used organs of Falun Gong practitioners in the past
The hospital claims that the transplanted organs are “all donated”, but the number of donated organs from the Red Cross Society’s Human Organ Donation Offices and the number of organs donated directly to the hospital are both very small and do not match the actual number of transplants at all.
The organ origins as claimed by the medical personnel vary, as well, including “(from) our own channels”, “not convenient to tell you” and “online assignment”. After further questioning, they would tell the WOIPFG investigators to “go ask our director. The director told me” or “We have our own channels”, “no comment”, etc.
Subject of Investigation: A liver transplant surgeon at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital
Investigation Date: July 9, 2017 (Telephone number: 2583106666)
Excerpts:
Surgeon: “We do a lot, quite a lot (of organ transplants)! Nowadays there’re many channels (to obtain organs). That’s the government’s concern. We are only in charge of providing the technologies and the follow-up services.”
Investigator: “You said in the past those Falun Gong practitioners were used (as donors), why not now?”
Surgeon: People didn’t speak of human rights in the past!”[14]
(Recording 1. Download: MP3; Transcript Download: pdf 25)
2.Short organ wait times
Subject of Investigation: Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital liver transplant department
Investigation Date: June 25, 2018 (telephone number: +862583106666)
Excerpts:
Surgeon: “We have done 50 to 60 cases of liver transplantation this year. The wait time is short, around ten days or a half month.”[15]
(Recording 2. Download: MP3; Translation Download: pdf2)
Subject of Investigation: A doctor from the liver transplant doctors’ office at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital[16]
Investigation Date: December 23, 2019 (telephone number: +86-25-83106666)
Excerpts:
“It (i.e. organ transplant) can usually be done in one month.”
(Recording 3. Download: MP3; Translation Download: pdf 194)
IV. Thirteen Organ Transplants Performed within Seven Days
During the “Golden Week” of October 2018 (i.e. the week of October 1, 2018), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital completed 13 organ transplant operations, including seven kidney transplants, five liver transplants and one lung transplant, according to Chinese media reports.[17]
V. Huang Xinli, Chief Surgeon of the Organ Transplantation Department, Involved in the Legal Case of Illegal Organ Harvesting
From 2017 to 2018, Huang Xinli, chief surgeon of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, conducted human organ donation across regions without approval. Without the joint signature and confirmation of the deceased's spouse, adult children, and parents, he performed 11 cases of organ harvesting in Huaiyuan County against the wishes of the deceased or their close relatives. [18]Huang Xinli is a member of the OPO (Organ Procurement Organization) of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, mainly engaged in the extraction of human organs. [19] According to the hospital's official website, he is a member of the Organ Donation and Management Group of the Organ Transplantation Branch of the Jiangsu Medical Association. In January 2018, Huang Xinli was transferred from the Hepatobiliary Center of Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital through talent introduction. [20]
VI. List of Key Individuals Responsible for Live Organ Harvesting at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital
Name: Wu Yafu
Serial number: NJGL001
Gender: male
Date of birth: October 1960[21]
Profile: Wu Yafu is chief surgeon of the General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery) Department, professor, master’s degree student supervisor and director of the General Surgery Department’s Liver and Transplantation Ward. He is also a senior visiting scholar at Hong Kong’s Queen Mary Hospital.
He is skilled in liver transplantation.[22]
Name: Yue Yang
Serial number: NJGL002
Gender: male
Date of birth: 1977
Place of birth: Tianjin, China[23]
Profile: Yue Yang is deputy chief surgeon of hepatobiliary surgery.
He graduated from Luzhou Medical College in July 2004 with a master’s degree in vascular surgery. After graduation, he joined the military and worked in the Organ Transplantation Institute of Beijing Armed Police General Hospital, where he was engaging in liver and kidney transplantation for 15 years.
He has participated in more than 800 liver transplants and over 400 kidney transplants. He has also participated in complex transplants, such as pediatric living related liver transplantation, domino liver transplantation, split liver transplantation, tertiary liver transplantation, combined liver-kidney transplantation and combined pancreas-kidney transplantation. He is a member of the research group of the National 863 Project “Studies in the Strategies and Key Technologies for Expanding Donor Organ Sources”.[24]
Name: Qiu Yudong
Serial number: NJGL003
Gender: male
Date of birth: May 1967
Place of birth: Suzhou, Jiangsu Province[25]
Profile: Qiu Yudong is deputy director of the Hepatobiliary Surgery and General Surgery Departments, professor, chief surgeon, and deputy director of the Hepatobiliary Research Institute of Nanjing University. He is also a junior committee member of the Organ Transplantation Branch of the Chinese Medical Association.
He specializes in liver transplantation.[26]
Name: Jiang Chunping
Serial number: NJGL004
Gender: male
Profile: Jiang Chunping is a professor and chief surgeon of the General Surgery Department.
From 2001 to 2003, he was engaging in clinical research of digestive tumor and organ transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, USA.
He mainly specializes in liver transplantation.[27]
Name: Xu Qingxiang
Serial number: NJGL005
Gender: male
Profile: Xu Qingxiang is deputy chief surgeon of general surgery (hepatobiliary surgery), M.D. and associate professor.
He has studied hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery techniques and living donor liver transplantation at the University of Tokyo Hospital in Japan.
He specializes in liver transplantation.[28]
Name: Wu Xingyu
Serial number: NJGL006
Gender: male
Profile: Wu Xingyu is deputy chief surgeon of general surgery (hepatobiliary surgery).
He has studied hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery and liver transplantation at the hospital affiliated with the University of South Carolina School of Medicine in the United States.
He specializes in liver transplantation.[29]
Name: Shi Xiaolei
Serial number: NJGL007
Gender: male
Date of birth: April 1974
Place of birth: Nantong, Jiangsu Province[30]
Profile: Shi Xiaolei is deputy administrative director of the General Surgery Department, M.D., chief surgeon and a doctoral student supervisor. He is the recipient of Wu Mengchao Medical Youth Award, Jiangsu Province’s “Health Top Talent”, one of the Jiangsu Province’s “Top Ten Young Science and Technology Stars”, Jiangsu Province’s “Medical Key Talent”, Jiangsu Province’s “Six Summit Talent”, Jiangsu Province’s “333 High-Level Talent, and one of Nanjing City’s Outstanding Contribution Young and Middle-Aged Experts. He is also a member of the Transplantation Infection Group of the Chinese Medical Association’s Organ Transplantation Branch, a junior member of the Organ Transplantation Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and a member of the Transplantation Management Group. And he is also a member of the Organ Transplantation Branch of the Jiangsu Medical Association.
From 1993 to 1998, he studied at Nanjing Railway Medical College and obtained a bachelor’s degree. He received his master’s degree and doctoral degree in surgery from Nanjing University Medical School. He has been engaging in clinical work of hepatobiliary surgery for more than 14 years.
He has studied hepatobiliary surgery and liver transplantation at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf.
He specializes in liver transplantation.[31]
Name: Guan Wenxian
Serial number: NJGL008
Gender: male
Date of birth: August 1963
Status: a member of the Chinese Communist Party[32]
Profile: Guan Wenxian is administrative director of the General Surgery Department, professor and chief surgeon. He studied at the Fourth Military Medical University in 1982 and has been working in Xijing Hospital since graduation. He has also studied in Japan.
For many years, he has been conducting experimental research and clinical work about abdominal surgery. As a major team member, he was the first to successfully carry out the first living donor liver transplant, the first case of auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation and the first case of pediatric living donor liver transplantation in China. He has participated in the management of various types of transplantation, such as heart transplantation, pancreas and kidney transplantation and face transplantation. He has cooperated with others in the development of organ preservation tables and other equipment. He is exceptionally good at performing transplantation surgery.[33]
Name: Sun Xitai
Serial number: NJGL009
Gender: male
Date of birth: February 1965
Profile: Sun Xitai is associate chief surgeon of general surgery (hepatobiliary surgery), M.D., associate professor and master’s degree student supervisor. Presently, he is the director of the Minimally Invasive Laparoscopic Surgery Department in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. He is the secretary of Jiangsu Province Organ Transplantation Society of the Chinese Medical Association and a member of the Laparoscopic Surgery Group.[34]
Name: Guo Hongqian
Serial number: NJGL010
Gender: male
Profile: Guo Hongqian is the administrative director of the Urinary Surgery Department, professor and chief surgeon. He is also member of the Jiangsu Medical Association’s Organ Transplantation Branch.
He conducts research on kidney transplantation and specializes in organ transplantation.[35]
Name: Liu Tieshi
Serial number: NJGL011
Gender: male
Profile: Liu Tieshi is associate chief surgeon of the Urinary Surgery Department.
He graduated from Jilin University in 2003 with a master’s degree and studied under the supervision of Professor Fu Yaowen, a famous urologist in China. He has been working since August 2003.
From August 2012 to August 2013, he studied at the Medical University of South Carolina and received his second master’s degree (Master of Science in Clinical Research, MSCR). He specializes in renal transplantation and perioperative management.[36]
Name: Li Xiaogong
Serial number: NJGL012
Gender: male
Profile: Li Xiaogong is chief surgeon of the Urinary Surgery Department, associate professor at Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, secretary of the Communist Party Branch of the Urinary Surgery Department and master’s degree student supervisor. He is a member of Jiangsu Urology Branch’s Renal Transplantation Group.
He specializes in kidney transplant surgery.[37]
Name: Zhang Gutian
Serial number: NJGL013
Gender: male
Profile: Zhang Gutian is chief surgeon of the Urinary Surgery Department and associate professor.
He specializes in open, laparoscopic and minimally invasive endoscopic surgery related to urology and renal transplantation.[38]
Name: Zhao Xiaozhi
Serial number: NJGL014
Gender: male
Profile: Zhao Xiaozhi is attending surgeon of the Urinary Surgery Department.
He graduated from Nanjing University School of Medicine in 2006 under the tutelage of Professor Guo Hongqian of urinary surgery.
From 2008 to 2010, he was a visiting scholar at the Transplantation Research Center at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, where he conducted research on organ transplantation immunity and tumor immunity.
He specializes in kidney transplantation.[39]
Name: Liu Guangxiang
Serial number: NJGL015
Gender: female
Profile: Liu Guangxiang is attending surgeon of the Urinary Surgery Department.
She graduated from Nanjing University in 2007 and studied under the tutelage of Professor Guo Hongqian, a famous urologist in China. She studied at Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH), Harvard Medical School, USA as a visiting scholar from June 2011 to June 2012.
She specializes in kidney transplantation.[40]
Name: Chen Ming
Serial number: NJGL016
Gender: male
Profile: Chen Ming is associate chief surgeon of the Urinary Surgery Department.
He specializes in kidney transplantation and combined organ transplantation.[41]
Name: Li Yizhuang
Serial number: NJGL017
Gender: male
Profile: Li Yizhuang is chief surgeon of the Ophthalmology Department and professor.
He specializes in cornea transplantation.[42]
Name: Ding Yitao
Serial number: NJGL018
Gender: male
Profile: Ding Yutao is director of the Research Institute of Hospital Management at Nanjing University, vice president of Nanjing University School of Medicine, honorary president of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University School of Medicine, head of the General Surgery Department, director of the Organ Transplantation Center at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and president of Xianlin International Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. He is also a senior member of the International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association and vice president of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association’s Organ Transplantation Branch. He is also the director of the Hepatobiliary Research Institute of Nanjing University and an editorial board member of dozens of professional medical journals, such as the Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation.
He was president of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, affiliated with Nanjing University Medical School (from May 1996 to August 2014). He studied at the Australian National Liver Transplantation Unit in his early years.[43]
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[19]qq.com: These four doctors did not even spare the dead!
[20]thepaper.cn: Huaiyuan Illegal Organ Harvesting Case Verdict: 11 Dead Involved, 4 Doctors Convicted of Mutilating Corpses, November 26, 2020
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